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Texas holdem great falls mt real estate. Since then, her freelance writing career has taken her from Los Angeles to Las Vegas and back to her hometown of St.
Drugs donât cause gambling problems just like Jack Daniels causes a drunk to be a drunk. Itâs weakness that causes these problems. Gambling addiction and drinking excessively was around long before these drugs was even thought of. Drug addiction is a chronic disease that causes drug-seeking behavior and drug use despite negative consequences to the user and those around him. Though the initial decision to use drugs is voluntary, changes in the brain caused by repeated drug abuse can affect a person's self-control and ability to make the right decisions and increase the.
Hypersalivation is the excessive production of saliva.[3] It has also been defined as increased amount of saliva in the mouth, which may also be caused by decreased clearance of saliva.[4]
Oct 20, 2014 A class of drugs called dopamine agonists, used mainly to treat Parkinsonâs disease, has long been suspected of causing strange psychological. The taxpayer used expert testimony from a board-certified psychiatrist to describe the side effects of the Parkinson's medication and identify it as the cause of the compulsive gambling. 165 states that taxpayers can deduct nonbusiness losses that 'arise from fire, storm, shipwreck, or other casualty, or from theft' to the extent they exceed $100 and 10% of adjusted gross income. Compulsive gambling with extreme losses - in two cases, greater than $100,000 - by people without a prior history of gambling problems has been linked to a class of drugs commonly used to treat. The FDA warned Tuesday that the antipsychotic drug aripiprazole, which is found in medications like Abilify and Aristada, has been linked to uncontrollable urges to eat, gamble, shop and have sex.
Hypersalivation can contribute to drooling if there is an inability to keep the mouth closed or difficulty in swallowing the excess saliva (dysphagia), which can lead to excessive spitting.
Hypersalivation also often precedes emesis (vomiting), where it accompanies nausea (a feeling of needing to vomit).[5]
Causes[edit]Excessive production[edit]
Conditions that can cause saliva overproduction include:[4]
Medications that can cause overproduction of saliva include:[4]
Substances that can cause hypersalivation include:[4]
![]() Decreased clearance[edit]
Causes of decreased clearance of saliva include:[4]
Treatment[edit]
Hypersalivation is optimally treated by treating or avoiding the underlying cause.[4] Mouthwash and tooth brushing may have drying effects.[4]
In the palliative care setting, anticholinergics and similar drugs that would normally reduce the production of saliva causing a dry mouth could be considered for symptom management: scopolamine, atropine, propantheline, hyoscine, amitriptyline, glycopyrrolate.[9]
As of 2008 it is unclear if medication for people who have too much saliva due to clozapine treatment is useful.[10]
References[edit]
External links[edit]
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypersalivation&oldid=930806913'
PMID: 19720785
To the Editor: We are intrigued by the recent article by Bostwick et al on the emergence of impulse control behaviors after treatment with dopamine agonists. It is amazing how these gambling and hypersexuality adverse effects occur and then seem to immediately abate simply by discontinuing the Parkinson disease medication without need for any additional addiction-related treatment. Ropinirole was recently investigated in a phase 4 clinical trial as a treatment for sexual dysfunction secondary to antidepressant pharmacotherapy,2 which speaks to its possible effects on sexual behavior. Dopamine agonists may affect the mesolimbic pathway, as do drugs like cocaine and methamphetamine, whose behavioral properties are attributed to this dopaminergic activity; sexual compulsivity is a well-established adverse effect of these medications. Furthermore, dopamine dysregulation syndrome, an addictive use pattern of dopamine agonists, causes the same behaviors observed in cocaine-dependent patients, such as punding, a stereotypical motor behavior characterized by an intense fascination with the repetitive handling and examination of objects, particularly mechanical ones. Examples of punding include picking at oneself, taking apart watches and radios, or sorting and arranging common objects (eg, lining up pebbles, rocks, or other small objects). People engaging in punding find immersion in such activities comforting, even when they serve no purpose, and generally feel frustrated when diverted from them. Punding is thought to be related to dopamine use and has been observed in (meth)amphetamine and cocaine users, as well as in some patients with Parkinson disease, gambling addictions, and hypersexuality.
We have questioned whether drugs like cocaine precipitate these psychiatric issues or whether they preexist the drug use. Robinson and Berridge suggest that prior use of certain drugs sensitizes the mesolimbic reward pathways, producing neuroplastic effects on the brain and increasing the likelihood of future abuse/dependence. Because impulse control disorders such as pathologic gambling and sexual compulsivity are associated with dysfunction in the same neural circuitry, we propose that use of these substances may directly activate these pathways (precipitating acute symptoms of compulsive gambling and/or hypersexuality) and over time may produce neuroplastic changes in these pathways (leading to chronic impulse control behaviors). With cocaine and other dopaminergic-stimulating medications, there may be a temporal use interval necessary to produce adaptive synaptic changes in the mesolimbic system of patients using these substances, and future studies should focus on the timeline of drug use.
In addition, we have treated hundreds of cocaine abusers with comorbid gambling addiction and/or hypersexuality for whom behavioral remission was not automatic once they stopped using cocaine. In fact, most of our patients need long-term treatment in addition to discontinuation of the substance. It would be useful to study the differences in cocaine-induced gambling and/or hypersexuality and dopamine agonist-induced behaviors. A long-term follow-up of the patients in the study by Bostwick et al would also be useful to determine whether true behavioral remission was achieved.
References
1. Bostwick JM, Hecksel KA, Stevens SR, Bower JH, Ahlskog JE. Frequency of new-onset pathologic compulsive gambling or hypersexuality after drug treatment of idiopathic Parkinson disease. Mayo Clin Proc. 2009;84(4):310-316 [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
2. Hellerstein DJ.Treating sexual dysfunction from selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) medication: a study comparing Requip CR to placebo. http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT00334048. http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT00334048 Accessed August 4, 2009.
3. Giovannoni G, O'Sullivan JD, Turner K, Manson AJ, Lees AJ. Hedonistic homeostatic dysregulation in patients with Parkinson's disease on dopamine replacement therapies. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000;68(4):423-428 [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Drugs That Cause Gambling Urges
4. O'Sullivan SS, Evans AH, Lees AJ. Dopamine dysregulation syndrome: an overview of its epidemiology, mechanisms and management. CNS Drugs 2009;23(2):157-170 [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Medications That Cause Compulsive Gambliâ¦
5. Robinson TE, Berridge KC. Addiction. Annu Rev Psychol. 2003;54:25-53 Epub 2002 Jun 10 [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Medication To Stop Gambling
Articles from Mayo Clinic Proceedings are provided here courtesy of The Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research
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